Process Hazard Analysis

Process Hazard Analysis (PHA) is a structured and systematic approach for identifying, evaluating, and controlling the potential hazards associated with the processing or handling of highly hazardous chemicals.

Companies must ensure that at least every 5 years after the completion of the initial process hazard analysis, the PHA must be updated and revalidated to ensure the hazard analysis is consistent with the current process.

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Introduction

The PHA methodology selected must be appropriate to the complexity of the process and assist companies in making decisions for improving safety and identify, evaluate, and control the hazards involved in the process.

A Process Hazard Analysis (PHA) team can vary in size from two people to a number of people with varied operational, engineering and technical background which includes process safety specialist, engineers, operators, supervisors and other workers who have knowledge of the standards, codes, specifications and regulations which apply to the process being studied. The team leader needs to be fully knowledgeable in the implementation of PHA methodology to be used and should be impartial in the evaluation. At least one team member must be familiar with the process being evaluated.

What PHA Can Do

Identify the extent of the process hazards

Cause and consequences of fires, explosions, releases of toxic or flammable chemicals and major spills of hazardous chemicals

Analyse any previous incidents which can potentially lead to catastrophic consequences

Engineering and administrative controls and failure consequences

Stationary source siting

Human factors/actions (routine and non-routine)

Equipment, instrumentation, utilities and any external factors

Included in PHA Service

Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOP)

Hazard Identification Study (HAZID)

Bow-Tie Analysis

Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA)

Layer of Protection Analysis (LOPA)

Safety Integrity Level (SIL) Classification

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